belcher



(No Model.)

H. P. BBLCHBR.

MOSAIC 0F GLASS AND LEAD GLAZINSl No. 317,077.l

Pagent'ed May 5,1885.-

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' Ui\uTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY FfBELCHER, OF IRVINGTON, NEW JERSEY.

MOSAIC or GLASS AND LEAD en AzlNe.`

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,077, dated May5,1885.

' Application filed September 1, 1884. `(No model.)

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, HENRY F. BELoHER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Irvington, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mosaics of Glassand Lead Glazing; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to lettersof reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specication. p y

This invention relates to certain improvements in mineral mosaics andthe process of manufacturing the same, set forth in a patent granted tome August 12, 1884, No. 303,359, the object being to secure to themosaic an improved appearance, increased strength and durability, and tomore uniformly perfect frame-Work.

The invention consists in the improved mosaic and the process ofmanufacturing the same, substantially as will be hereinafter set forth,and finally be' embodied in the clauses of the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like lettersofreference indicate corresponding parts in each of the gures, Figure 1 isa plan of a portion of a mold employed in the improved process. Fig.` 2is a section of the mold taken through line x; and Fig. 3 is a sectiontaken through line y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan of a i mold, showingcertain arrangements hereinafter set forth. Fig. 5 is a plan of askeleton rrame employed in forming the complete mosaic:l and Fig. 6 is asection taken through line c, Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of acompleted mosaic with projecting jewels.

In carrying out the invention, I arrange' the glass or mineral plates Aof the mosaic on a suitable table or support in separated relations toeach other, so that channels or passages will be formed around andbetween them. Over said channels or passages and connecting said platesis laid a strip or strips of thin sheet metal, preferably of brass, theedges of which may slightly overlap said plates, as in. Figs. 4 and 6.Over said plates and metallic channelcoverings is pressed a gummed oradhesive sheet of asbestos or other suitable material, which binds saidparts together. In

this condition the sheet of asbestus, with the mineral and metallicparts adhering thereto,

is turned over, the said parts remaining, however, in the same relationto each other, so

that the channels or passages are again brought` -The metallic coveringmay be omitted from one side, should I desire to have on one side of themosaic the cast-metal core of the framework exposed to `view. The partsthus described are then placed Vin a suitable mold or placed in a clamp,turned edgewise, and the passages filled with molten metal, which,hardening, forms a core between the edges of the glass, and, unitingwith the sheet-metal coverings, holds the same in position. Said sheetmetal in overlapping the plates holds the same more firmly in position.i i

Io causethe molten metal to remain in a perfect state of liquefactionand to flow freely in and through the passages between the parts thusdescribed, even though the said passages be extremely narrow,when it isdesired to produce fine lead-lines,77 and tohold the `asbestus moreevenly and perfectly against thesides ofthe said parts,and furthermore,to facilitate the process of casting, I prepare the mold substantiallyas follows: Said mold is composed of duplicate parts, Figs. 2 and 3,witha chamber between, into which molten metal, which may betermed backmetal#7 is poured before the metal intended for the frame of the mosaicis run into the channels between the glass plates. This back metalraises the temperature of the different parts of the mold and theinclosed glass to a uniformly high degree of temperature,whereby theglass is prevented from breaking when the frame metal is subsequentlypoured, and also prevents said frame metal from prematurely cooling.Said back metal, as will be obvious, enters all the inequalities of theasbestus backing to the glass, caused by the'unequal thicknesses of thepieces of said glass and the metallic coverings lying against the sidesof said glass, and pressing against the said metal and glass piecespre-` vents the frame metal from separating the as thereof.

bestus from the sides of the said sheet metal and glass pieces, andallowing the said frame metal to flow between to the injury of the said131082.10.

The molds, as above intimated, are in duplicate, a being the back-metalchamber surrounded, except at the mouth, by a lining of asbestus felt orother non-combustible material, b b, of any suitable thickness. Each ofthe duplicate parts of said mold is provided with a feeding-channel, t,branch passages t', through which the molten metal flows to the channelsor passages between the glass, and vents or outlets t for the escape ofair, gas,or superfluous metal. Said channels, passages, and outlets areformed by suitable sheets or strips of asbestus felt u.

O indicates the gummed or adhesive sheets before referred to. D are theclampingsurfaces having a suitable non-combustible lining, e, and F areclamps binding the whole together.

In preparing the surface or finishing metal of the frame-work, I preferto coat the thin sheet metal from which it is obtained with varnish, andthen mark or trace upon the varnished surface with a suitable steelpoint or tool the desired pattern of the frame-work. I thus expose themetal to the action of acids, which, when applied, cut through the metalat said lines or tracing-marks and sever the frame from the body of thesheet.

The core portion of the frame-work may be covered with ,a superficialmetallic finishing covering in any other way-for example, bynickle-plating. When a sheet-metal covering is employed, the same may beprepared to cover the channels in any suitable manner. For example, whenI wish to employ said covering with projecting jewels, as in Fig. 7, Imay stamp out with a die or tool holes or perforations of a size toreceive the projecting portionsof the jewel, but catch the shoulder Asecond corresponding sheet may be placed on the under side to cover theunder edges of said jewel and the whole united by molten metal, as inthe manner before described, or in any other manner.

To give coherency and increased stiffness to the mosaic, so that it isbetter able to resist the iniuence of the wind or other lateralpressure, I may insert or cast at steel wire, similar to that known ashoop-skirt wire,77 transversely in the frame, as shown at p, Fig. 7.This, while being generically similar to the core-wire in my formerpatent above mentioned, is specificallyan improvement thereon, in thatit adds increased lateral stiness to the mosaic.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is l. In amosaic for windows and other purposes, the combination, with the mineralplates A, of a cast-metal frame-work having a superiicial metallicfinishing-covering,substantially as set forth.

2. As an improved article of manufacture,

the mosaic consisting of glass or mineral plates having a castmetalframe-work provided with a sheet-metal facing, substantially as setforth.

3. A mosaic consisting, essentially, of glass or mineral plates having ametal frame-work to hold said plates together, said frame being of castmetal between the edges of said plates and of sheet metal at the exposedsurfaces, said sheet metal overlapping the plates to more securely holdthe same in position.

4. In a mosaic, the flat-wire core cast transversely in the frame-work,substantially as shown andpdescribed.

5. The process of manufacturing mosaics of glass or other mineralplates, to wit: of arranging saw-plates in a separated relation to oneanother between clamping-surfaces provided with a back metal receptacleor chamber separate from the glass, of filling said receptacle withmolten metal to raise the temperature of the glass and mold and secure auniform resistance to the frame-metal, and filling the channels betweensaid plates with molten metal, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

6. The process of forming mosaics of glass or other mineral plates, towit: arranging the glass between sheets of asbestus or other suitablesheets, arranging duplicate sets of said sheets, with the glass betweenapart, in a mold to form a chamber between said sets, filling saidchamber with molten metal, and subsequently casting a framefwork tounite the said glass plates, 'as set forth.

7. The process of forming mosaics, to wit: of arranging mineral platesin a separated relation to one another to form channels or passagesbetween, covering said channels with sheet metal, fixing the relationsof said parts with an adhesive sheet, arrangingY the whole in a suitablemold, and casting a metallic frame-work in said passages to unite saidmineral plates and sheet-metal covering, substantially as set forth.

8. The process of manufacturing metallic framework around mineral platesor portions in a mosaic, to wit: arranging said plates or portions in aseparated relation to each other to form passages between, covering saidpassages with sheet metal, and casting molten metal in said passages tobind the parts together, substantially as set forth.

9. In the process of manufacturing mosaics of glass or other mineralplates, the process of raising the temperature of said plates andholding the asbestus clamping-sheets in close engagement with the sidesthereof' by casting a molten back metal at the sides of saidclamping-sheets opposite said glass portions prior to casting the framemetal, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this14th day of August, 1884.

lVitnesses: HENRY F. BELCHER.

F. F. CAMPBELL, OLIVER DRAKE.

